The Department of Education finance publications offer an overview of university operating results, including revenue from Commonwealth, State, overseas students, and other sources, as well as expenses and sector net results. The department also provides CGS and HECS-HELP funding determinates, which are used to calculate per student funding for Commonwealth supported places.
The Higher Education Research Data Collection (HERDC) contains data on university research income from competitive grants, government, and industry sources. This information is submitted by individual universities to the Department of Education Training and forms the basis for research block grant allocations.
Time series data collected through the HERDC is available here.
The Australian Bureau of Statistics publication Research and Experimental Development provides a summary of research and development activity in Australia across government, business, and the higher education sector.